Fire-escape



(No Model.)

A. ,WELSHKU H. J.ROGERS. PIRE ESCAPE.

Patented Jan. 1i, v1889.

lllnrrnn drains Parnr Ormes.

ALEXANDER \Vl, ll..f1ll ln AND HAMILTON J. ROGERS, OF BENNETTS STATION, PENNSYLVANIA.

FIRE-ESCAPE.

SPECIFICATION' forming part of Letters Patent No. 395,46*?dated January 1, 1889.

Application tiled September 14, 1888. Serial No. 285,412. (No model.)

To all 'Ll/'7mmy if; 'may Con/cern:

Be it known that. we, ALEXANDER WELSH and HAMiLroN J. ROGERS, of Bennetts Station, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Fire-Escapes; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof. Y

Our invention relates to an improvement in stairways or tire-escapes; and it consists in constructing the stringers, hand-rails, balusters, outer Vertical supports, braces, and platforms of wrought-iron tubing, said parts being clamped and united together substantially as hereinafter described.

To enable others skilled in the art with which our invention is most nearly connected to make and use it, we will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

In the accompanyingdrawings, which form part of our specification, Figure l is an end elevation of our improvement, showing the manner of securing it to the wall of the building. Fig. 2 is a plan View of the tire-escape.V Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the lire-escape or stairway.

Referring to the drawings by letter, A represents the outer wall of a building, to which our improved fire-escape is attached. The outer handfrail of the stairway or fire-escape is composed olf the sections D and The sections D are secllred in the wall A and held therein by means of nuts d', secured on their inner ends to the inside of the wall A. The section D2 is bent or curved, as shown. in Fig. il ot' the drawings, and is secured to the sections D D and the i'lprights E E, herein after describei'l, by means of clamps or joints F, as shown.

D is the innerhand-rail, which .is secured at one end, at the top of the escape, in the wall A, in the same manner as the sections D of the outer hand-rail. This rod or railV extends out at right angles to the building t'or a distance equal 1o about one-half the Awidth ol' the platform or landing M, as shown. This rail is then bent at right angles and downward a sufficient distance to form a railing t'or the steps G, and is then bent upon itself 1o forni the inner railing of the next lower iiight of steps Gr, as shown in Fig. This inner railing bent in this manner until the bottom of the escape or staircase is reached.

O O are parallel stringers secured in the wall A in the same manner as the rails D and D', and held therein by means ot nuts c. These stringers O are of the same length the rails D and parallel therewith.

C l are stringers of the saine length as and conforming in shape with hand-railing D"2 and parallel therewith, and are secured to the stringers C O and the uprights E E by means of clamps F, as shown.

E E are vertical uprights extending from top to bottom of the apparatus, and are secured to thel stringers and outer hand-rail sections atthe corners farthest from the wall A, as shown.

B B are supports or braces secured in the clamps F', which clamps are attached to handrails D and abut against the wall A of the building, and extend outward and upward, having their upper ends secured in recesses in or otherwise fastened to clamps F, as shown.

B is a support secured at its lower end in the wall A, and held therein by means of a nut, b', as is evident. The brace B is then bent upward and forward, and is secured in clamp or joint F in the same manner as support or brace E.

C2 O2 are stringers secured. to the stringers O C, and similar in form to the stringers C i', and serre to support one end ot' the steps G G, evident.

F F are clamps used to attach the several parts in proper place to the uprights F. E.

F is a clamp forsecuring brace Bv-to the hand-rail D', asis evident.

CS C3 are stringers similar to stringers O2, but having theirincl ined portions lying in the opposite direction to the stri n gers of the steps of the next flight above and lying again-st the wall of the building, and are secured to the stringers C O, as .is evident.

G G are steps secured in any suitable man ner to the stringere C and CQ and to stringers C"2 and C3, as shown. l

M M are platforms or land ings, which are composed of rods on, secured on stringers C O2 C3, as shown..

The steps are represented as being three in IOO e 3eme? aliight. r.lhisnuniberwe prefer; butanynuinber may be used Without departing from the spirit of our invention.

It is obvious that by having short stan-cases and platforms occurring at frequent intervals the danger to people descending to the `ground falling over one another is greatly diminished,

Having described our invention, we claim- 1. In a stairway or :fire-escape attached to the outside Wall of a building, the Outer handrailing, the inner hand-railing', stringers, steps, uprights, and the braces secured to the building and to the uprights, all substantially as described.

2. In a tire-escape, the combination of the vinner hand-railing secured to the Wall of the building and formed of one continuous piece, and constructed substantially as described, the outer hand-railing composed of three sections, the double sets of stringers, the steps, and platforms, with the uprights and braces secured thereto `by means of clamps, all constructed and arranged substantially as and for the purpose described.

In a permanent fire-escape attached to the outside Wall of a building, the combination of the bars D', secured to the Wall A and held therein by means of the nuts d', the bars D2, curved as described and secured to the rods D and uprights E E by means of clamps F, vthe stringers C C, secured in the wall A and held therein by nuts c, the stringers C C', attached to stringers C C and uprights E E by clamps F, and the string-ers (l2 C2 and C3 C3, secured to stringers C C, with the steps G,

secured on stringers C C and C2 C:2 and on stringers C2 C2 and CS C3, uprights E E, braces B and B', clamps F and F', and the nuts l) and b', for holding said braces securely in the wall A, all constructed and arranged substantially in the manner as and for the purpose described.

4.-. In a stairway or lire-escape, the combination, with the stringers C C and C2 C2, constructed and arranged as described and attached to stringers C C, of the steps secured thereto as shown, substantially as described.

5. In a tire-escape of the character described, the rod or innerrail, D, secured to the wall A by nut, d, and curved and bent upon itself substantially in the manner described, said rod being formed in one continuous piece, as set forth.

6. In a Iire-eseape, the combination of the nprights E E, rails D D2, the inner hand-rail, D, substantially as described, and the string'- ers C C C C (T2 C2 C3, with. the braces B B', clamps F F', and nuts for securing said braces to the wall of the building, all constructed and arranged substantially in the manner asand for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands this 11th day of August, A. D. i988.

ALEXANDER WELSH. l I'A1\'[ILI()N .L ROGERS.

lVitnesses:

A. (l. J'oHNstroN, C. JOHNSTON. 

